Summer retreat

What drove the dramatic retreat of arctic sea ice during summer 2007?

[1] Amodel study has been conducted of the unprecedented retreat of arctic sea ice in the summer of 2007. It is found that preconditioning, anomalous winds, and ice-albedo feedback are mainly responsible for the retreat. Arctic sea ice in 2007 was preconditioned to radical changes after years of shrinking and thinning in a warm climate. During summer 2007 atmospheric changes strengthened the tr...

The impact of an intense summer cyclone on 2012 Arctic sea ice retreat

[1] This model study examines the impact of an intense early August cyclone on the 2012 record low Arctic sea ice extent. The cyclone passed when Arctic sea ice was thin and the simulated Arctic ice volume had already declined ~40% from the 2007–2011 mean. The thin sea ice pack and the presence of ocean heat in the near surface temperature maximum layer created conditions that made the ice part...

Neuroscience Retreat

Simulation of Heavy Rainfall Events during Retreat Phase of Summer Monsoon Season over Parts of Andhra Pradesh

The main aim of this paper is to simulate monsoon heavy rainfall episodes that caused floods across some parts of Andhra Pradesh (AP) state, India during 29 September through 2 October, 2009. A heavy rainfall quantity of 21 cm was observed near Amaravathi station (16.15 ̊N; 80.5 ̊E) in Guntur district due to a meso-α low pressure system extended from the Bay of Bengal and widespread rainfall epis...

Record ice retreat

The European Space Agency said that a series of photographs taken through September showed an ice-free passage along northern Canada, Alaska and Greenland as ice was retreating to its lowest level since images were first taken in 1978. The search for a route from the Atlantic around the top of North America and into the Pacific occupied explorers for centuries. Now a growing band of sailing adv...